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Climate, Peace and Security: Exploring UNFCCC Entry Points

This policy brief explores how the climate-peace-security nexus can be better integrated into the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) processes. It identifies concrete entry points within negotiations on adaptation, mitigation, and loss and damage, and sets out recommendations for COP31 and beyond.

The authors build on two expert roundtables convened by the Working Group on Peace and Development (FriEnt) and Germanwatch, with participants from civil society, academia and the German government. They show that while recent initiatives such as the COP28 Declaration on Climate, Relief, Recovery and Peace have laid important groundwork, peace and security still play too small a role in formal UNFCCC negotiations. The brief offers concrete recommendations on how to better connect climate, peace and security, and calls for COP31 to move from recognising the nexus to embedding it across negotiations and implementation.

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